How Solar Systems Form (The Whole Shebang)

ALMA images of cold systems with giant planets already in place

Giant Planets

Solar systems form in dark nebulae which contain all of the elements formed from the death of more ancient systems. Radio astronomers have shown that enormous fractionation of D/H has taken place in the outer reaches of these systems. The surfaces of cold dust grains act as catalysts for this fractionation, as high as 10¹⁰ greater than values found on Earth. The normally high concentrations of CH₄ guarantees the accretion of highly deuterated methane gas hydrate (MGH) giant planets, clathrates known to physically encapsulate all foreign bodies, molecules and elements in cage-like webs of more than 12 water molecules, H₂O, D₂O, or HDO. The methane gas hydrate giant planets become stabilized by the increasing pressure as they grow.

The Only Accretion

Thus the only accretion in the formation of the solar system creates the icy outer planets. The fact that they form in the cold reaches of solar nebulae was illustrated in images of twenty systems acquired by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, ALMA, which is the most complex astronomical observatory ever built on Earth. In the solar nebulae shown, the giant planets are already formed well before the central star even ignites. Notice that the abundances of the elements in MGH, nominally (CH₄)₄(H₂O)₂₃ are H 62, O 23 and C 4, similar to those on Earth, whereas neither oxygen or carbon would be present if they were “gas giants.” Note the absolute dominance of water which Juno scientists have announced is less than 1% on Jupiter!

Terrestrial Planets

The highly deuterated icy giant planets, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune contain all of the elements in the proportions found on Earth, encapsulated in their clathrate structure. Terrestrial planets are formed by separate impacts on the giant planets, the methane gas hydrate of which contains roughly equal numbers of protons and deuterons. These could not be more closely packed fuel for a nuclear fusion reaction. The fusion of a proton and a deuteron are known to be primary in the solar fusion cycle. P + D -> ³He⁺⁺ + 4.9 Mev producing 39.5 % of the Sun’s energy. A large impact into any of the giant planets triggers this fusion reaction instantaneously blasting the mass for an entire new terrestrial planet into the inner solar system. A small version of this reaction was the cause of the Shoemaker-Levy 9 particles that hit the surface of Jupiter producing ‘mushroom’ clouds that carried the spectra of the many Jupiter heavy elements to the top of the atmosphere six minutes after the impact.

Why is Jupiter Different?

The only reason that Jupiter appears different than the other giants, is that proto-Venus was just produced by such an explosive impact ~6,000 years ago. This lit up Jupiter to ten times its normal brightness and left behind a continuous fusion reaction on the surface of Jupiter. This reaction produced a blazing plume that shot 2 million km into space that could be seen on Earth moving left and right every nine hours and lasted for 4000 years, called Juno in Roman myth, Zeus’s aegis (shield) being moved back and forth as in combat and in the Rig Veda as Mrtanda, an elephant swinging his trunk left and right.

The Great Red Spot

The Great Red Spot is now being produced by the above fusion reaction which has slowly declined over the last 6,000 years. Its longeivity demonstrates the enormous fractionation of deuterium on Jupiter. During this period, the plume from the fusion reaction some 50,000 km East of the Great Red Spot has ejected all the “asteroids” spread throughout the solar system by the combination of its orbital and rotational velocities. Evidence lies in the ~ 10,000 asteroids in its L4 and L5 points and the expanded atmosphere of Saturn, the result of many Jupiter asteroid impacts in the last 6,000 years, currently identified as “storms”. The reaction continues to burn today beneath the clouds ~ 50,000 km east of the GRS. Its current single, invisible, nuclear product, ~ 10³⁰ helions (³He⁺⁺ ) per second with identical velocities, 17,800 km/sec, are the source of Jupiter’s temperature excess and due to their prograde rotation, currently imagined as the “inner radiation belt” are the source of Jupiter’s powerful magnetic field and permanent auroral ovals..

These helions are forced by the Coriolis effect to form a rising, expanding funnel-like atmospheric corridor through which the full range of elements, being physically released from the MGH by the heat in the vicinity of the fusion reaction, react with one another forming high temperature compounds. As they rise and cool they form particulate aerosols, such as CS (which forms tiny red crystals) that are released into the upper atmosphere forming the familiar colored clouds of Jupiter. Because they are solid particles they emit no spectral radiation by which they can be identified, therefore entire range of the common elements on Jupiter have never been recognized. Frustrated NASA scientists interpret the clouds as “frozen ammonia.”

Dunes on Jupiter

Adding to the mystery, this particulate matter is being released from the clathrate by the heat of the fusion reaction has been continuously settling to the solid surface of Jupiter in streaks where the swirling horizontal “multiple zonal” vortical winds, constrained by the solid surface, are weaker, forming desert-like dunes but only in the middle latitudes, giving the impression that Jupiter is oblate but as evidenced by its odd J terms is concentrated to the south because the GRS is at 21 degrees South Latitude. These ‘dunes’ are being sensed by the gravity system on the NASA Juno probe and because they are spread out over the surface and slowly shift position, as do dunes on Earth, are interpreted as features beneath the surface in the imagined high pressure conductive hydrogen layer.

Landing or Splashing Down On Jupiter?

The solid makeup of Jupiter means that a probe could land on Jupiter in the middle latitudes still covered with clouds, scoop up some particles and record their spectra, and even send (or bring) a few pounds back to Earth, from a LEM-like landing craft with a built-in launch pad, showing that all the elements are present in the same abundances as on Earth. At higher latitudes, where the top layer of the methane gas hydrate has been melted by the flux of helions forming the permanent auroral ovals, forming hopefully shallow blue oceans already seen in visible light images, allowing the same landing craft, There will be plenty of dune-dust in the water.

NASA Planning

They are planning to send a spacecraft to Jupiter to get a close look at asteroids orbiting in the L4 & L5 points. What a waste! they are all the same as Cheryumov-Gerasiemento and UltimateThule. What did we learn from them? Use this mission to land on Jupiter.