Iron in Sunspots

The definitive molecular absorption spectra of FeH (iron hydride) in the umbra (the dark central area) of sunspots was originally pointed out by Wing et al way back in 1977 ( thanks Ronnie). The spectrum consists of bands with many (332) lines and are so clear that their Zeeman splitting has been used, along with that of OH (from water), to measure the magnetic field strength within sunspots. Unfortunately, astronomers cannot explain why these obviously large amounts of iron and water are always found, and only found, within sunspots but not in the spectra of the unperturbed solar surface.

Cyclic Catastrophism

As pointed out in previous posts, the answer lies in the cyclic catastrophism scenario, which contradicts the ‘standard model’ of the solar system in many ways. First, that proto-Venus was created only 6,000 years ago by an energetic impact on Jupiter. Second, that all terrestrial planets were created by the same catastrophic process and consequently that each has a unique age. Third, this means that Jupiter is a solid planet in which are stored all the heavy elements required to form terrestrial planets.

Jupiter’s Composition

The obvious material for its solid body is methane gas hydrate, which has actually been suggested by some astronomers as the material that comprises some of the smaller objects in the outer solar system. Gas hydrates are primarily water in cage-like molecular structures which only form in the presence of lots of methane, the molecules of which must be encapsulated within the cages. But these same cages also hold all the heavy elements, including iron, most of which were captured within Jupiter when the giant planets formed.

Nuclear Explosions on Jupiter

The impacts on Jupiter from which the terrestrial planets formed were enormously enhanced because they triggered hydrogen fusion explosions of a magnitude far beyond anything ever imagined by human beings. Because methane gas hydrates are primarily water, there is an unlimited supply of H and D (deuterium), the fuel for thermonuclear explosions. The plasma explosion which resulted from the Venus-forming impact was so enormous, that its shape was described in the Vedas as that of an elephant. Moreover, the gravitational radiation produced by the impact actually caused the entire Earth to ‘groan’.

Great Jet Formed Main Belt Asteroids

Drawing of Jupiter with Jet circa 1200 AD

In the aftermath of the ejection of proto-Venus a great jet shot some 2 million km from Jupiter out of the crater, which only slowly diminished over the next 6,000 years, a drawing of which is found in an Arabic document dated 1200 AD. This jet, which comprised all the elements which make up Jupiter, primarily water, and also lesser amounts of all the heavy elements, most notably iron, condensed and combined in the cold weightlessness of space, to form hydrated, cinder-like, low density bodies. These formed the Galilean moons and all the main belt asteroids. Because they froze while still within the magnetic field of Jupiter, the iron within them formed permanent magnetic fields. Both the low density and magnetic fields of a couple of main belt asteroids have actually been measured by close passes of NASA probes.

The main belt asteroids were shot in all directions as Jupiter rotated (spun) within the last 6,000 years, and therefore still have a large range of inclinations, primarily because the crater from which they originated is at about 22 degrees south latitude. However, those ejected in the opposite direction from Jupiter’s orbital velocity dropped into highly eccentric orbits which, as they gradually decay, are still impacting the Sun in modern times, causing sunspots. (One such asteroid, called ‘comet’ Lovejoy W3 was photographed on Dec. 15, 2011 as it passed only 140,00 km from the Sun’s surface and survived [see link at top of this post]. Astronomers have found a number of such ‘comets’ and call them Kreutz ‘sungrazers’. Next time around Lovejoy W3 will probably hit the Sun and produce an enormous sunspot). In addition to evidence I have cited previously e.g. the 3000 km/s downward velocity of material in sunspots, the detection of large amounts of water in them, and their reversing of the magnetic field of the Sun at the sunspot maximums, we also have the acknowleged presence of iron, in the form of FeH, found in every sunspot and not in the normal undisturbed solar surface.

Sunspot Period a Result of Jupiter’s Period

The 11-year sunspot period is obviously due to the 11 year orbital period of Jupiter itself – its inclination, obliquity (axial tilt), eccentricity and the fact that the jet, still marked by the Great Red Spot, was oriented at about 22 degrees south latitude. As a result, the asteroids formed by the Jet have unusually high inclinations – up to 30 degrees. This is particularly important for those with very eccentric orbits which eventually produce sunspots, because they pass through the entire inner solar system innumerable times before hitting the Sun. If their orbits were not highly inclined they would pose a serious threat to the Earth.

This safety factor is just another facet of the omniscience of the greatest architect.